Flowering this week – tree hydrangea of uncertain classification

Evergreen and frost tender but apparently loosely lumped in as Hydrangea aspera

Evergreen and frost tender but apparently loosely lumped in as Hydrangea aspera

This plant is a bit of a mystery but it is a hydrangea even though it is evergreen and of tree-like stature. Mark can not remember where he bought it from years ago, but it appears likely that it came from seed collected by a number of different New Zealand plantspeople at Monkey Bridge in China. At this stage it is loosely lumped into the family of hydrangea aspera even though most asperas are both deciduous and hardy. This is neither.

But it is very striking. It is now multi trunked, about 5 metres tall and 3 metres wide with large leaves and considerably larger lace cap flowers at this time of the year. Each flower can be 40cm across, sometimes more, and in a mix of soft antique colours – lilac, muted green and cream. It is most unusual. Alas it is also more difficult to strike from cutting than most hydrangeas so it is not readily available and you will have to search for it if you really want it. It is just as well that there are not many gardens in Taranaki that have space for a large, brittle, frost tender hydrangea which needs protection from both wind and cold but quickly attains the size of a tree.

In the Garden June 19, 2009

• If you are in a relatively frost free area, you may be enjoying the cheerful flowers and fragrance of luculias. The winter flowering varieties are gratissima and pinceana whereas it is grandiflora which flowers in summer. These plants can get a bit scruffy and leggy and the time to cut them back hard is straight after flowering. Most forms will root easily from cuttings as long as you use the fresh new growth as soon as it has firmed up and is not floppy or brittle. Luculias only come in pink or white.
• Deciduous plants are given their most severe prune when dormant in winter. This is because their energy has been stored in their root systems over winter so it is less of a shock to them if you cut the top back hard. So June and July are the time to get out pruning – fruit trees (but not cherries or plums which are summer pruned), grape vines, raspberries, kiwi fruit, roses, wisterias, deciduous trees and shrubs (but not flowering cherries, either). Head out with the ladder and the loppers, the secateurs and the snips.
• We don’t use pruning paste to seal cuts, even after major tree surgery, but we do try and make sure that cuts are clean and not hacked and jagged. In plants as in humans, clean cuts heal faster. You can buy pruning paste and use it if it makes you happier.
• Regrettably one size does not fit all when it comes to pruning and it helps to have a little bit of knowledge at least. We can’t compress all of it down to two simple rules or one sentence but we will try and demystify it as we go.
• Pruning ornamental trees is for shaping purposes. Keep most trees to a single trunk, avoiding forks for the first few metres. These are weak points where the tree can split apart. A balanced shape is more pleasing to look at than a lop-sided tree which can end up pulling the tree over. It is much easier to trim a small tree around two metres tall than to work on a misshapen tree of five, ten or fifteen metres tall so start young when you can do it with the secateurs and not the chainsaw.
• Rose pruning can continue through until August.
• Wisterias need regular, if not constant pruning. However, as they flower on last year’s growth, you can not cut them off at ground level and expect them to flower in spring. Find the main branches to give some structure and shape, and trim all side growths back to three or four leaf buds from the main branches. Borer can be a problem so check for tell tale holes and dead branches and cut these out. You can spray cooking oil or use any light oil down the borer hole if it is in the main stem and you don’t want to cut it out. There is nothing shy and delicate about a wisteria but you do want it to flower.
• The rule of thumb for pruning grapevines and kiwifruit is the same as wisterias though grapes you are pruning the side growths back to one or two buds whereas kiwifruit you count out to about the eighth bud before cutting off the rest of the vine. Apples are done the same as wisterias.
• From the school of random pieces of curious information: Chinese wisterias flower on bare wood and naturally twine anti-clockwise. Japanese wisterias flower a little later with their leaves, have longer racemes of flowers to compensate and twine clockwise.

Turning your $17.95 perennial into five plants

A step by step guide by Abbie and Mark Jury first published in the Taranaki Daily News and reproduced here with permission as a PDF.

New Outdoor Classrooms are uploaded fortnightly.

Flowering this week: ornamental oxalis

Pretty palm leaves and large soft pink flowers

Pretty palm leaves and large soft pink flowers

Wood sorrel. That is right. Not oxalis but wood sorrel. Oh all right, they are the same but the poor oxalis gets a really bad rap because of a few bad eggs in the family. We wouldn’t be without the ornamental oxalis in pots and in the rockery. The autumn and winter flowering varieties add a bright spot of colour, though they need sun to open their flowers.

There are around 500 different oxalis so our collection of about 30 is merely scratching the surface. As a general rule, the South African species are dormant in summer and the autumn rains trigger them into growth and flower whereas the South American species follow the opposite seasons. But that is not a hard and fast rule and some oxalis are evergreen succulents and not bulbs at all. By no means all of the oxalis are invasive but if you are not sure, keep them to pots and watch them for a while. If they have tiny bulbs which increase exponentially or if they have bulbs which reach out below the ground with small bulblets attached, then be wary.

While my personal favourite is purpurea alba (large pure white flowers with a golden eye, long flowering season and completely non invasive, in our experience), flava pink in the photo is a real charmer. Large flowers in pretty pink and interesting foliage which resembles miniature palm leaves.

In search of summer gardens

Plenty of detailed planning

Plenty of detailed planning

Readers of this blog may not have worked out that most pieces are published first in our regional newspaper, the Taranaki Daily News. After being a garden columnist for over a decade, last Saturday the editor published the equivalent of an abbreviated school report. Extensive readership surveys had given this column the thumbs up and in fact ranked it second only to the TV review. This was attributed to my writing “informed and often devilishly waspish garden pieces” . Try saying that after a glass or two of wine. But I was enchanted. True, the TV reviewer was described as witty and wry, but devilishly waspish has such a wonderfully archaic feel to it. I read on in the hope that other contributors would be described in such terms as, say, fiendishly roguish. Maybe graciously rubenesque or coquettishly impish. But no, I alone have the sting in the tail and a persona fitting of a Regency romance by Georgette Heyer.

But it will not be the editor sitting beside this devilishly waspish woman high above the world somewhere in transit between Tikorangi and London as you read this column. English summer gardens beckon.

Given the sudden upsurge in swine flu, Mark was tempted to grasp at straws and suggest that maybe we would be better staying at home. He is not the world’s most enthusiastic traveller, my Mark. When he worked out the scope of Google street map and individual websites, he ventured the suggestion that we could do a virtual tour without leaving the sofa, experiencing even the driving through London and the countryside in actual time. Was that not why I bought my lap top, he asked. But it is all part of the game and in fact this is a trip we have long hoped to share together.

English gardens are not new to us, but gardens in June are. We have tended to be spring time visitors but spring time gardens are what we can do very well indeed at home. Most of New Zealand, and Taranaki in particular, excels at spring gardens. We have a long spring and in the period between August and November, magnolias, blossom trees, rhododendrons, spring bulbs, spring perennials and early roses fill our gardens with flowers and fragrance. As I say often, in New Zealand it only takes about 10 years to build a very pretty tree and shrub garden. It is what we do. But gardens that peak in December and January and extend through to March are much less common here. So we want to go and look at summer gardening. We know the theories, now we want to see the practices and to see which parts we can apply at home.

Planning a garden visiting trip is certainly an interesting exercise, especially when you narrow your brief. We have done enough to know that while some of the very wealthy, large, historic gardens managed with many staff and a deep public purse are interesting to visit, we learn more from private gardens managed on small budgets but encompassing high skill levels. So while we will do the odd famous garden (Wisley, Hestercomb and maybe Sissinghurst) most of the gardens on our short list are ones many readers will never have heard of.

We have been lucky to be guided in our selection by An Expert who actually visits and reviews all of Britain and many of Europe’s best gardens. He commented that we should not expect too much of some of the Big Name gardens, that standards have lifted a great deal in the past two decades and some of those gardens have not necessarily lifted their game accordingly. Over the years we have heard the odd comment from New Zealanders on pilgrimage to English gardens citing cases where they were a little disappointed, so that all figures. We also learned from our Italian foray a few years ago that we enjoy looking at private gardens and that despite the very best of intentions, when private gardens go into public or shared trust ownership in order to preserve them, the genius and creativity of the original owner disappears over time.

Our brief to Trusted Advisor was that we wanted to see private gardens which combine good plantsmanship and design, have a summer focus and are managed without an army of staff and correspondingly deep pockets. He responded with a short list of 15 to 20 in our designated areas stretching from Norfolk to Cornwall. It takes a bit of planning and juggling because once you are away from the big name gardens which open daily, many of these private gardens are by appointment only or have odd set days and times. And with dear old Telecom here charging an extortionate amount to use our mobile phone in the UK (I just about fell off my chair when I read the rates), I don’t want to be relying on ringing while we are on the move.

In due course I will report back. We expect to see perennial gardening at its best. The English do it so well. Big swathes of flowering clumping plants in a sea of foliage and colour. It disappears away to nothing in winter. We have seen herbaceous borders in England in early spring – there is literally nothing visible at all bar the occasional giant gunnera wrapped up in straw and sacking to keep it alive. Yes the very same gunnera that is on our banned list here as a noxious weed. We have only seen on TV the near miraculous transformation from winter wasteland to summer carpet that is achieved with perennial gardening in this style. We want to assess whether we can achieve a similar effect here without the winter rest period (and without the gunnera). Here we have wind, torrential downpours which can flatten soft growth, rapid plant growth and very long gardening seasons. Our conditions may be less than ideal.

A couple of weeks of non stop garden visiting may not be everyone’s cup of tea but two heads are better than one and we hope to return inspired with new ideas. One thing is for sure though. When you are travelling across the world, it certainly helps to have good advisors who are switched on to what you want to see. We don’t have time to spend looking at very average gardens or queuing for tourist attractions. We are after hard-core gardening and hard-core gardeners.